Httsen



H. A. POPPENHUSEN.

ASH CONVEYING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION men MAR. 21, I918.

lutonted 50m. 2, 1919.

fizmer'z jaw 2267223456,

.Hrmanj llu N MN UNITED STATES Pg'rENT OFFICE.

HERMAN A. POZPPENHUSEN, OF HAMMOND, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR T0 GREEN ENGINEER- IN G COMPANY, OF EAST CHICAGO, INDIANA, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

ASH-CONVEYING SYSTEM.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERMAN A. POPPEN- HUSEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Hammond, in the county of Lake and State of Indiana, have invented new and useful Improvements in Ash-Qonveymg Systems, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to conveying systems for abrasive materials, such as ashes and the like.

Conveying systems of the kind mentloned generally comprise a pipe line made of a plurality of pipes connected together end to end for forming a conduit, through which the abrasive material is moved pneumati- I cally. There are certain portions of the pipe line which are subjected to an excessive or unequal degree of wear, due to the increased abrasive action of the material flowing therethrough brought about by abruptly altering or changing the direction of flow of the material, as for instance by the use of elbow fittings and the like. i

It is among the objects of my myentlon to provide a construction for resistmg the increased abrasive action of the material in those parts of the pipe line where an excessive degree of wear is presented, and in carrying out the objects of my invention I provide a wear-resisting surface formed of a plurality of overlapping wearing blocks or members, which may be removed from the pipe line and replaced by new ones when worn to the extent making thelr remoyal necessary. Another object of my invent on is to so construct and arrange the wearing blocks that they may be used interchangeably with each other, in order that the life of one set of blocks may be prolonged. A

. further object of my invention is to have the meeting ends of the.several blocks in the wearing surface overlapping and inclined or sloping in the direction of flow of the material over the blocks so as to avoid abrupt shoulders or the like when the overlapping surface of any block 1s exposed by the wearing away of the block immediately adjacent thereto, and thus prevent eddying or distorting of the flow of the material through the conduit of which the blocks form a part. A still further object of my invention is to provide, in connection with a plurality of removable wearing blocks,

I Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 2,1919.

Application filed March 21, 1918. Serial No. 223,803.

wearing members, which may form the sides of the conduit through which the material passes, and to so construct and arrange the side members that they may be adjusted toward and from the sides of the blocks for making tight contact between such parts, even though the blocks may vary in thickness. And a still further object of my invention is to provide a construction of such a nature that the life of the wear-resisting surfaces may be prolonged and thus aid in reducing the mamtenance cost of the pipe line to the minimum.

The invention consists further in the matters hereinafter described and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings Figure l is a longitudinal sectional view through a portion of a pipe line of an ash conveying or like system constructed in accordance with my invention, said section being taken on line 11 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 2 is a like view of the same parts as shown in Fig. 1 and illustrating the interchangeability of the removable wearing blolcks to be hereinafter described in detai Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of one of the wearing blocks.

In the drawings, I have shown that portion of a pipe line of an ash conveying or like system wherein an elbow fitting 10 is connected by clamp bolts 11, 11 with a straight pipe section 12'constituting a part of the pipe line immediately beyond the elbow, that is, in the direction of fiow of the material after leaving the elbow. The latter and the ipe section 12 are both constructed in accor ance with my invention, and each is made substantially U-shape in cross-section, in the same manner as the pipe section 12 shown in Fig. 3. The elongated opening or slot 13 thus formed between the side walls of each pipe section 10 1 and 12 extends lengthwise of the pipe line of which the pipe sections form a part, and opens upon the outside thereof. When the elbow 10 and the pipe section 12 are coupled together, the o ening or slot 13 in the latter forms a continuation of the opening or slot in the former, and each of said openings is closed by a cover plate 14 delachably secured to the side walls'of the associated pipe section by a plurality of clamp screws l5, 15 provided for that purpose, as shown in lfig. The cover plate 14 for the elbow 10 is m alu ement with and engages at one end the assoelatedend of the cover plate 14 for the pipe. section 12. The opposite end of the cover plate for the elbow engages the associated end of a part 10 of the elbow casing, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Located in'both the elbow 10 and the pipe section 12 is a wear resisting member 16, which in the instance illustrated is in the form of a liner composed of a plurality of transversely curved sections 17, 18, and 19, as best shown in Fig. 3. As illustrated, the liner extends lengthwise of the pipe section in which it is located and abuts endwise against the similar liner provided in the adjacent pipe section. The section 18 of the liner is interposed between the other two sections 17 and 19 thereof, and has its side edges abutting against the opposed side edges of the other two liner sections. To hold the liner in place there is provided a plurality of set screws 20, 20 inserted through the outer casing of the pipe sections and havlng thelr inner ends bearing against the outer surface of the associated liner sections, as shown in the drawings. The liner sections ma be made to have a length equal to that of the pipe section in which they are located, or they may be made shorter, which in such case requires that the liner sections be made in sets with one set abutting against the adjacent sets in order to form a complete lining for the pipe sections in which the liners are placed. As shown in the draw1ngs, the pipe section 12 is provided with a liner of the kind mentioned, constructed in sets. The elbow 10 is provided with a liner made in substantially the same manner as the liner for the pipe section 12, with the exception that the mid-section 18 has a length equal to that of the elbow and is curved longitudinally or endwise to conform to the curvature of the elbow, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. In such case the several side sections 17 and 19 of the liner of the elbow abut against the side edges of the mid-section 18, and are curved to correspond to the curvature of the latter. The liner in each pipe section 10 and 12 is so positioned that its mid-section 18 is opposite the elongated opening or slot 13 in the outer casing of the pipe section, thus making the side sections. 17 and 19 of the liner form the side walls thereof and of the conduit through the pipe section. The side marginal portion a, a of the side liner sections 17, 19 project toward the opening 13 provided between the side walls of the pipe section, and are spaced apart laterally to provide an opening extending the full length of the liner and communicating with the opening or slot 13 in the pipe sections, so

that the wearing blocks or members, to be hereinafter described, may be inserted into and removed from between the marginal portions a, a when the cover plates 1 1 are removed. 1

For closing the space between the marginal portions a, a of the liner sections 17 and 1!), and thus provide an inner surface for tbeconduit between such parts of said side liner sections, I provide a plurality of removable wearing blocks 21, 22, 23, 24, and 2:"), the first four of which have their meeting ends overlapping and forming in effect a continuous inner surface between the side marginal portions a, a of the liner sections 17 and 19. The block 21 has each of its end faces substantially flat and extending across the end of the block at a right-angle to the flat side and inner and outer faces of the block, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The next block 22 has an end face 26 preferably made fiat and extending across the end of.

the block at right-angles to its flat wearing face 27, which when the block is in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 3 constitutes the inner face of the block and is in the conduit formed by the liner sections. face 26 extends into the wearing face 27 of said block 22, but does not extend into the opposite fiat wearing face 28 thereof, which when the block 22 is in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 3 constitutes the rear or outer face of the block, that is, the face of the block directly opposite the cover plate 14 of the pipe section 12. When the block 22 is in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 3,-

its end face 26 abuts flatwise against the like end face of the block 21 therebeyond and forms the joint between said blocks. In such position of the-blocks 21 and 22, the wearing face 27 of the latter is in the conduit and forms a continuation of the like face of the block 21 and constitutes a portion of the inner surface of the liner between the side liner sections 17 and 19. The opposite end face 29 of the block 22 is also flat, but arranged at an obtuse angle to the wearing face 27 thereof, and extends between that face and the flat opposite wearing face 28 of said block. By reason of the angular arrangement of the end face 29, the wearing face 28 of the block 22 is offset endwise with respect to the opposite wearing face 27 of said block, but has the same length and width as the latter. The wearing face 28 of the block 22 terminates short of the end face 26, and the two are connected together with a flat face 30 arranged at an angle to the wearing face 28, but inclined in the same direction as the end face 29. As shown in Fig. 1, the dimension of the block 22 be tween its wearing faces 27 and 28 is greater than the like dimension between the wearing face 27 and the face 30 at the end face 26.

Said end lIiJ ' beyond.

like the block 22 just described and has the same shape as the latter, so said blocks 22 to 24 are duplicates of each other and may be used interchangeably with each other in the manner to be presently described. When the block 23 is in the position shown in Fig. 1, it is interposed between the block 22 just described and the block 24 and overlaps the last two mentioned blocks. As shown in Fig. 1', the block 23 has its inclined end face overlapping the like end face 29 of the block 22 immediately there- The wearing face 28 of said block 23 is now in the conduit formed between .the side liner sections 17 and 19 and forms in effect a continuation of the wearing face 27 of the block 22. The inclined end face 29 of the block 24 abuts against and overlaps the adjacent end face 30 of the intermediate block 23, and its wearing face 28 is in the conduit formed by the liner sections. The wearing face 27, 27 of each of the blocks 23 and 24 is now at the outside of the block, that is, out of the conduit, and the flat end faces 26 thereof are both out of contact with any of the blocks. To hold the blocks 21 to 25 in position between the liner sections 17 and 19, I provide a plurality of set screws 31 and 32. The set screws 31 form one set and are inserted through the side walls of the pipe sections 10 and 12, and serve to force the marginal portions a, a of the liner sections 17 and 19 against the relatively flat side walls .or faces 33, 33 of said blocks. By such arrangement, the said marginal portions a, a may be in effect adjusted toward and from the side walls or faces of the blocks, so as to clamp the latter therebetween, and further to hold such portions of the side liner sections 17 and 19 against the side faces of the blocks, even though the latter may be irregular and vary in width, and thus provide a relatively tight joint between such parts. To limit the distance that the blocks may roject into the space between the liner sections 17 and 19, I provide either the blocks or the liner sections with stop members provided for that purpose. But as shown in the drawings, and more particularly in Figs. 3 and 4, each block is provided alon its side faces 33, 33 with outwardly exten ing ribs or flanges 34, 34 adapted to contact with the outermost side edges of the liner sections 17 and 19. The set screws 32 are inserted through the cover plates 14 and serve to hold the blocks in the space between the liner sections 17 and 19 and their side flanges 34 in contact therewith. The side flanges 34, 34 on each block 22 to 24 are preferably located midway between the wearing faces 27 and 28 of the block, so that a substantially equal portion of the block extends beyond each side of the flanges. Consequently, when any of the blocks 22 to 24 are reversed and inserted into the space between the marginal portions a, a of the liner sections 17 and 19, the block projects into such space the same distance In either position. As shown in dotted lines in Figs. 1 and 2, the outer side edges of the liner sections 17 and 19 are made flat and straight so that the side flanges of the blocks may contact flatwise therwith, even about the curved por-.

tion of the elbow 10,

Referring now to Fig; 1, it will be noted that the blocks 22 to 24 in particular form a portlon of the inner surface of the conduit formed by the liner, and said blocks constitute that portion of the elbow 10 and the pipe section 12 which is subjected to the greatest degree of wear due to the increased abrasive action of the material flowing through such pipe sections. The ash current, if ash is being handled by the system, flows into the elbow 10 in the direction shown by the arrow in Figs. 1 and 2, and the first or main impact of the ash current is against the now inner wearing surface 28 of the block 24 at such portion of the elbow. Such impact of the ash is more or less concentrated on one spot on said block 24 and logically produces an excessive degree of wear on the now inner face 28 of said block 24, and in due time wears down the block in the manner shown by the dotted line b in Fig. 1. Such wear of course continues into the next block 23 immediately therebeyond,

and when said two blocks 24 and 23 are worn to the extent noted, the system is stopped and blocks removed and interchanged by taking off the cover plate 14 and loosening the set screws 31 so as to release the blocks from between the liner sections 17 and 19. It is apparent that the block 22 beyond the intermediate block 23 is not worn as quickly as the block 24, as the flow of the ash current over said block 22 is more in the nature of a sloughing action and not direct head on contact or impact as in the case of the block 24. In changing the blocks, in order to present a fresh or unworn wearing surface to the ac-- tion of the ash current on first entering the elbow, the block 22 is removed from its position shown in Figs. 1 and 3, then inverted and placed in the same position as previously occupied by the block 24 which had previously been removed. This brings the unworn or fresh wearing surface 28 of the block 22 in position for contact by the ash current upon entering the elbow 10, as shown in Fig. 2. The worn and removed block 23 is reversed and placed in the position previously occupied by the block 21, thus bringing the unworn surface 27 of the block 23 in the conduit formed by the pipe section 12 and immediately to the rear of the block 21. as shown in Fig. 2. The worn block 24 is moved into the position previously occupied by the block 23, as shown in said Fig.

' 2'. Instead f placing the block 23 in the position previously occupied by the block 22, as now shown in Fig, 2, the block could have been left in its original position as shown in Fig. 1, and in such a case the block 2% could have been inverted and placed in the position previously occupied by the block 22. After the several blocks 22 to 2& have been interchanged as desired, the set screws 31 are of course tightened so as to force the side marginal portions a, a of the side liner sections 17 and 19 against the Side faces of the rearranged blocks and the set screws 32 tightened against the now outer faces of the blocks to hold them. in the space between the liner sections after the cover plates 11 have been secured in closed positions. By reason of the shape given to the blocks 22 to 24, it follows that the same n'iay be interchanged in the manner and for the purposes stated, and, furthern'iore, the end faces thereof will overlap in the same manner notwithstanding the particular lo cation of the blocks. Moreover, by having the blocks interchangeable, the life of the wear resisting surface formed by the blocks may be prolonged by interchanging the blocks to present the blocks to present fresh or unworn surfaces when desired. Manifestly, the life of each block is prolonged, and consequently the maintenance cost of the system reduced, because it is not necessary to replace a block by a new one when only one wearing face or surface is worn. The blocks may be used until both wearing faces are worn to make discarding of the block absolutely necessary. Then again, with the interchangeability of the blocks, the block subjected to the greatest degree of wear may, after being worn, be placed in that position in the pipe line where the wear is not so excessive, and thus make it possible to use one block much longer than another and thereby aid in reducing the maintenance cost of the system to the minimum.

Another novel feature of my invention relates to the manner in which the blocks to 2% (Wei-lap each other. In this connection, it will be noted that the overlapping faces of said blocks are inclined to and slope in the direction of flow of the material through the pipe line. Thus, straght abut joints are avoided, which if present would form shoulders to retard and counteract the flow of the ash current when such shoulders are exposed by wearing away of the block to the rear of the same. Such shoulders would cause eddying of the ash current, thereby not only distorting the direction of flow of the material but cause an abnormal degree of increased abrasive action against the blocks as well as the sections of the liner. lVith the meeting portions of the several blocks 22 to 2 1 overlapping and sloping in the direction of flow of the ash current, the surface exposed by wearing away of the adjacent end of the block is not such as to produce an eddying or like effect. The abrasive action against the inner surfaces of the side liner sections 17 and 19 is more or less tangential to such surfaces and not direct contact or impingement as in the case of the blocks in that portion of the elbow nearest the point of entrance of the ash current, and it follows, therefore, that the degree of wear of said sidegliner sections 17 and 19 is to a marked extent less than that of the blocks, so that the latter will need replacement with much more frequency than the liner sections. In fact, the liner sections will outlast the blocks manifold, despite the interchangeability of the latter, that is, many sets of blocks will be used before one set of liner sections are worn out. As illustrated in the drawings, the side liner sections 17 and 19 are made fairly light as compared to the thickness of the blocks, because the latter are subjected to the greatest degree of wear. The blocks and the liner sections may be made of a material of such hardness'capable of withstanding effectively the increased abrasive action to which they are subjected.

The blocks 21 and 25, not being necessarily subjected to much wear, may be made interchangeable if desired, and may be provided with side flanges or ribs 34; as in the case of the blocks 22 to 24:. The block 25 is separated from the block immediately there-beyond so as to provide a space into which may project a nozzle 35 for discharging'a jet of steam or other fluid desired for aiding in moving the ash or like current through the elbow 10 and connected pipe section 12 pneumatically.

In the type of construction described herein and shown in the drawings, the liner 16 is composed of a plurality of sections 17, 18,-and 19, but it is of course to be understood that I may eliminate the mid-section 18 and retain the side sections 17 and 19, as the ash current has but a negligible effect on the mid-section 18. By having the liner sections 17 and 19 disconnected, the same are more or less flexible, that is, they may be adjusted into and out of contact with the sides of the several blocks for forming a tight joint therebctween, regardless of whether the blocks vary in thickness or not. Consequently, any interstices that would be likely to occur between the sides of the blocks and the marginal portions a, a of the side liner sections 17 and 19 may beclosed by forcing said marginal portions against the sides of the blocks. Furthermore, while I have shown my invention as being applied to an elbow l0 and the straight pipe section 12 immediately therebeyond, I may of courseutilize my invention with any other portion of the pipe line desired, whether at an elbow or not. It will benoted that the elbow 10, as well as the pipe section 12, is provlded surface composed of with a wear resistin the several liner sections and the removable wearing'blocks, the latter being heavier than the liner sectionsrso as to reslst wear to a greater degree than the former. j

While have shown and described in detail herein apipe fittingconstructed in, accordance with my invention, it is to be of course understood that the various details of construction and arrangement of .parts departing from the spirit and scope of my invention, and I do not wish to be limited to the exacti details of construction and .ar-

out in the'appended claims.

Iclaimasmy invention:

1. A pipe section adapted for use in an ash conveying or like system, having an outer casing, a wear-resisting liner therein, including side portions, and a portion interposed between opposed margins of said side rangement of parts shown, except as pointed portions "and adapted to resist wear to a.

greater degree than said side portions? 2. A pipe section adapted for use in an ash conveying or j like system, having an outer casing, a wear-resisting liner therein, including relatively light side portions, and a heavier portion interposed between opposed margins of-said side portions and adapted to resist wear to a than said side portions. 7

3. A pipe section adapted for us in an ash conveyingjor like system, having anouter casing, a wear-resisting liner therein, including side portions, a wearing block inserted between opposed margins of said side portions, and means for removably holding said block between said side portions.

4. A pipe section adapted for use in an greater degree .ash conveying or like system, having an outer casing, a wear-resisting liner therein, including side portions, a wearing block removably inserted between opposed margins ,of said side portions, and fastening members engaging said block and said side portions for holding saidblock therebetween.

5. A ipe section adapted for use in an' ash conveying or like system, and having a wear-resisting surface 1nclud1ng slde portions, a wearing block inserted between op posed margins of said side portions, and means for adjusting 'sa1d side POIlJlOIlS against the sides of said block.

6. A pipe section adapted for use in an ash conveying or like system, having an outer casing, a wear-resisting liner therein, including side portions, a wearing block removably inserted between opposed margins of said side portions and provided at the sidesthereof with' stop flanges to contact with said side portions for limiting the distance that said block projects into the space between said side portions, and means for holding said block between said .side portions.

7. A pipe section adapted for use in an holding said blocks between said side portions. t

8. A p1pe section adapted for use in an ash conveying or like system, and having a wear-resisting surface including side portions, and a plurality of-heavier portions to resist wear to a greater degree than said side portions and having their ends overlapping and sloping in the direction of flow of the material through the pipe section.

9. A pipe section adapted for use in an ash conveying or like system, and having a wear-resisting surface composed of a ,plurality of members having their meeting ends overlapping and sloping in the direction of flow of the material through the pipe section.

10. A pipe section adapted for use in an ash conveying or like system, and havinga wear-resisting surface composed of a plurality of interchangeable members having their meeting ends overlapping and sloping in the direction of flow of the, material through the pipe section.

11. A pipe section adapted for use in an ash conveying or like system, and having a wear-resisting surface including side-portions, and a pluralit of interchangeable members 'removably inserted between opposed margins of said side portions and havmg their meeting ends overlapping and slo ing in the direction of flow of the, material through the pipe section. A

.12. A pipe section adapted for use in an ash conveymg or like system, and having a wear-resisting surface composed of a plurality of reversible and interchangeable members having their meeting ends overlappin t 1 s a 13. pipe section adapted for use in an ash conveying or like system, and having a wear-resisting surface composed of side portions, and a plurality of reversible and interchangeable members having their meeting ends overlapping and being removably inserted between opposed margins of said side pe section adapted for use in an of the material through said pipe section,

said blocks being removably inserted between opposcd margins of said side portions, means for adjusting said side portions against the sides of said blocks, and stop members adapted to limit the distance that said blocks project into the space between said side portions.

16. A pipe section adapted for use in ash conveying or like systems, and having an outer casing provided with an opening along one side thereof, a cover plate for closing said opening, a wear-resisting member located in said casing and including side portions, a wearing vblock removably inserted between opposed margins of said side portions, and means associated with said cover plate for holding said block between said side portions.

17; A pipe section adapted for use in an ash conveying or like system, and'having an outer casing provided with an opening along one, side thereof, a cover plate for closing said opening, a wear-resisting mem- 'ber located in said casing and including side portions, a wearing block removably inserted between opposed margins of said side portions, members associated with said outer casing for adjusting said side portions against the sides of said block, and a member inserted through said cover plate for holding said block between said side portions.

18. A pipe section adapted for use'in an ash conveying or like system, and having an outer casing provided with an opening along one side thereof, a cover plate for said opening, a :wear-resisting member located in said caslng andvincluding side por-- tions, a plurality of wearing blocks removwbly inserted between opposed margins of said side portions and having their meeting ends overlapping and sloping'in the direction of flow of the material through said pipe section, and means for holding said blocks between said side portions.

19. A wearing block of the character described, comprising a body portion having oppositely disposed wearing faces, said block having at one end an end face extending between said wearing faces and arranged at an inclination thereto, and having at the opposite end an end face at rightangles thereto and being joined with one of said wearing faces by a face arranged at an inclination thereto and extending in substantially the same direction as the inclined end face at the opposite end of the block.

20. A wearing block of the character described, comprising a body portion having stantially the same direction as the inclined end face at the opposite end of the block, said block being provided with outwardly extending ribs or flanges on the side faces thereof.

21. A pipe fitting adapted for use in a pipe line of an ash conveying or like system, comprising an outer casing, having an elbow bend at one end thereof and a straight pipe section at the other end thereof and forming a continuation of said elbow POI". tion, a liner in said pipe fitting and extending through said elbow and straight portions and being provided with a slot along one side thereof, a plurality of wearing blocks removably inserted in said slot and forming a portion of the surface of said liner, and means for holding said blocks in said slot.

22. Apipe fitting adapted for use in apipe line of an ash conveying or like system, comprising. an outer casing having an elbow bend at one end thereof and a straight portion at the other end thereof and forming an extension of said elbow portion, said outer casing being provided with an elongated opening extending longitudinally thereof along one side of the same, a cover plate for closing said opening, a liner in said pipe fitting and extending through said elbow and straight portions, said liner being provided with a slot along one side thereof in registration with said elongated opening, movably inserted in said slot, and fastening members engaged with said cover plate for holding'said blocks in said slot.

In testimony that T claim the foregoing as my invention, I affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses, this 18th day of March, A. D. 1918.

HERMAN A. POPPENHUSEN.

Witnesses:

ARTHUR P. STRONG, H. 0. WILSON.

a plurality of wearing blocks re-' 

